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In 2022, Indonesia maintained its biodiesel blending mandate at 30 percent and raised its biodiesel allocation volume to a record 10.1 billion liters on expected increased economic activity and mobility following eased pandemic-related restrictions. The export levy that funds the subsidies underwriting the biodiesel mandate program was adjusted to also subsidize cooking oil prices which have surged since late 2021.

On June 10, 2022 a report by the Dutch government on objectives for reduction of nitrogen greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in rural areas was released. It was followed by weeks of farmers protests in the Netherlands. This report gives a chronological...

Wheat imports for 2021/22 are revised upward to 11.2 million metric tons (MMT) from the previous estimate of 11.0 MMT, reflecting recovering demand for flour-based foods. In line with increased imports, food, seed, and industry (FSI) wheat consumption is also revised up 2.2 percent to 9.1 MMT of wheat equivalent.

The turnover of the Dutch retail sector was valued at €45.1 billion ($47.4 billion) in 2021. The sector is relatively consolidated, with the two largest food retailers controlling 58 percent of the market. Consumers are increasingly looking for sustainable products, products that are healthy and nutritious, and convenience products, and, as a result, will continue to buy more plant-based foods.

In 2021, the total value of all food and beverage retail sales in Indonesia totaled $72 billion, a 12 percent decrease from the previous year due to COVID-19 pandemic social distancing measures. Traditional markets still dominate the retail food and beverage sector, accounting for 76 percent of market share, although they continue to lose market share to modern retail stores and e-commerce.