Browse Data and Analysis

Panama did not make any policy changes regulating Genetically Engineered (GE) plants, seeds and animals (including for GE microbes) in 2021. Panama has not established the implementing regulations of Law 48 of 2002, which created the National Commission of Biosafety for Genetically Modified Organisms.

Turkey has a young population of 84 million people fueling consumption of consumer-oriented agricultural products. The country is in a Customs Union with the EU and is the 20th largest economy in the world and the 7th largest agricultural producer.

In MY 2021/22, the orange yield is forecast to increase 40 percent to 1.82 million metric tons (MMT) due to favorable rainy weather conditions in March and April 2021. The input costs for items such as fertilizer, fuel, and pesticides are still considered too high while farm gate prices are too low to compensate for the high production costs.